The vriability of seed quality (1000-seed weight, germination capacity) and content of polyphenols were studied in situ and ex situ in Wood Betony (Betonica officinalis) from 10 natural sites of Czech Republic. The statistically significant differences in almost all studied characters were found between the plants from these localities in situ as well as ex situ in field cultivation in Olomouc. The cultivation of this species is convenient and also production of seeds was satisfactory in the isolation cages with bumble-bees as pollinators. In average 60.0±47.4 g of seeds per 20 plants were reached with 1000-seed weight 1.3±0.1 g and germination capacity 35.6±27.4 %. This seed quality was found to be comparable with naturally produced one. The content of total polyphenols ranged from 16.7 to 33.3 mg.g-1 in dry matter. Key words: Betonica officinalis, Lamiaceae, Wood Betony, Stachys betonica, variability, pollination, seed quality, polyphenols